Diseases in plants are often caused by pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, or viruses. These organisms interfere with normal plant growth and can lead to wilting, yellowing leaves, stunted development, or even plant death. One serious example is Phytophthora dieback, a soil-borne pathogen that attacks plant roots, preventing them from taking up water and nutrients.
Diseases can spread through soil, water, wind, or by movement of contaminated tools, machinery, and footwear. Once established, they are difficult to eliminate and can cause long-term damage to crops, gardens, and natural ecosystems.
Prevention and early management are essential. Clean and disinfect equipment and footwear before moving between sites, avoid transferring soil from infected areas, and use disease-resistant plant varieties where possible. In high-risk or infected areas, professional advice and treatment may be needed to slow the spread and reduce the impact.